The Arctic and Antarctica, explained

The polar regions and the International Polar Years

What is happening to polar ice, oceans, permafrost and wildlife, who lives in the Arctic, how the Antarctic is governed, and how four International Polar Years since 1882 changed what we know.

Four Polar Years so far

  • 1882–83: the first coordinated polar observations.
  • 1932–33: the Second Polar Year.
  • 1957–58: the International Geophysical Year.
  • 2007–08: the Fourth International Polar Year, which ran from March 2007 to March 2009.

Read the full history and what is planned for the next Polar Year.

About this site

From 2007 this address was the website of the Fourth International Polar Year. Today it is an independent, non-commercial educational site with new content checked against scientific sources. Old links lead to the matching topic, and the reports and documents of the old site remain available at their original addresses. More about the site.